高考英语 3500 词汇解析
A
1. abnormal adj. 不正常的，畸形的，反常的
e.g They thought his behavior was abnormal. 他们认为他的行为不正常。
反义词：normal 正常的
2. above prep. 在……上面
above all 首先，尤其
3. abroad adv. 到（在）国外
(1) go / study / live abroad 出国/出国留学/在国外生活
(2) at home and abroad 在国内外
4. abuse v./n. 滥用，谩骂
(1) abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒/嗜毒
(2) abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权
5. accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现
accomplishment n. 成就，成绩
accomplish the task/ purpose/ goal 完成任务/达到目的/实现目标
6. achieve vt. 达到；取得
achievement n. 成就
achieve success/victory/one’s goal 取得成功/胜利/实现目标
7. achievement n. 成就，业绩；完成（任务等）
make great achievements 取得巨大成就
8. acknowledge v. 承认，致谢
e.g It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.
普遍认为全球变暖是由温室气体引起的。
e.g Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China.
姚明被认为是中国最优秀的运动员。
e.g I acknowledged financial support from the local government.
我感谢当地政府的资金支持。
9. across prep. 穿过
cross v. 交叉；越过
e.g I walked across the street. 我穿过了街道。
cross a street 过马路；come/run across 碰到，偶遇
10. admire v. 钦佩；羡慕
admire sb for sth 因某事钦佩某人
1I admire John for his courage. 我钦佩约翰的勇气。
11. admit vt.（admitted, admitted）
(1) 承认 admit one’s mistakes 承认错误；admit doing/having done 承认做过某事
e.g He admitted having stolen the money. 他承认偷了钱。
(2) 准许（入场，入学，入会） admit sb to /into 允许某人进入 → sb be admitted to 被
录取/被接纳
e.g He has been admitted to Beijing University. 他被北京大学录取了。
12. advertise vt. 为……做广告
(1) 为……做广告 advertise a product / things 为产品/物品做广告
(2) 登广告征求/寻找…… advertise for a new sales manager 登广告招聘一名新销售经
理
13. advice n. 建议，意见
advise vt. 忠告，劝告，建议
take/follow/accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议
ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议
a piece of advice 一条建议
give sb some advice on sth 给某人关于某事的建议
advise sb (not) to do 建议某人（不）做某事
advise doing 建议做某事
advise that …(should)+do 建议……
e.g Our teacher advised that we should study hard. 老师建议我们努力学习。
14. afford vt. 负担得起，抽得出（时间）；提供
can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth 负担得起某物/能做某事
e.g I can’t afford a book/to buy the book. 我买不起这本书。
15. against prep. 对着，反对；靠着；迎着；衬着
stand against the wall 靠墙站着
go against nature 违背自然
be against sth 反对某事
e.g They are strongly against the plan. 他们强烈反对这个计划。
e.g The pine tree were black against the morning sky. 在晨曦的映衬下，松树显得黑乎乎的。
16. aid n. 援助；救护；辅助工具
first aid 急救
in aid of 支持，为了帮助
by (the) aid of 借助于，通过……的帮助
come/ go to one’s aid 帮助某人
v. 帮助，促进
aid (sb/ sth) in/ with (doing) sth 帮助某人做……
217. allow v. 准许，允许
allow doing/ sb to do 允许做某事/允许某人做某事
allow for 把……考虑进去
e.g Has everything been allowed for in your plan? 你的计划里把一切都考虑到了吗？
18. amaze vt. 使惊奇，惊叹；震惊
e.g What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us. 让我惊讶的是，她居然瞒
了我们这么久。
e.g It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time. 在这个时候他还能如此冷静，真
让我感到惊讶。
amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊讶的
amazing adj. 令人惊奇的，惊叹的；震惊的
19. amuse vt. 使快乐，逗乐
amuse sb. 使……高兴
The funny drawings amused the kids. 滑稽的画把孩子们逗乐了。
be amused by/at/ with 被……逗乐
amuse oneself 自娱自乐
The boys amused themselves by drawing. 男孩们画画自娱自乐。
amusement n. 乐趣，娱乐
20. amusement n.
(1) 娱乐，乐趣
to one’s amusement 让某人发笑的是
e.g They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement of passers-by.
他们在车里又唱又跳，让路人感到十分有趣。
(2) 娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusements
amuse vt. 使开心，逗笑
amused / amusing adj.
an amused smile / look/ expression 愉快的微笑/神情/表情
an amusing story/ film 有趣的，好笑的，逗人发笑的故事/电影
21. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布
announce a decision / plan/ intention 宣布决定/计划/意图
announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
announce that 宣布……
e.g At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement had been reached.
会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。
make an announcement 宣布，发表公告
22. annoy vt.（使）烦恼
be annoyed with sb.for (at) sth. 因某事生某人的气
e.g What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.
最让他恼火的是他没有收到任何道歉。
3annoyed adj. 略感烦恼（生气）的
annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的
23. appeal v./n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求
The design has appealed to people of all ages. 这个设计吸引了各个年龄段的人。
I appeal to you to protect the environment. 我呼吁大家保护环境。
have/ hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力
lose one’s appeal 失去吸引力
24. appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定
(1) 任命，委派
A committee was appointed to consider the plan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。
He was appointed as chairman. 他被任命为主席。
(2) 约定，确定
Everyone got there at the appointed time. 大家都在约定时间到达了那里。
e.g In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.
晚上，他去了约定的见面地点。
25. approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准
approve of 赞成，同意
approve of one’s idea 赞成某人的想法
e.g He doesn’t approve of my leaving this year. 他不赞成我今年离开。
approve the plan/ proposal 通过计划/提议
approval n. 赞成，批准，认可
26. arrange vt. 安排，布置
arrange an appointment 安排预约
Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend? 你安排好这个周末见马克了吗？
e.g We had arranged that I would go for the weekend. 我们商量好了，这个周末我去。
He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。
e.g The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport. 公司会安排出租车去机
场接你。
e.g Dave arranged for someone to drive him home. 戴夫安排了人送他回家。
arrangement n. 安排，布置
make arrangements for … 为……做安排
27. arrest vt. 逮捕，拘捕
e.g He got arrested for careless driving. 他因粗心驾驶被捕。
n. 逮捕
put / place sb under arrest 逮捕某人
28. ashamed adj. 惭愧的，害臊的
29. assist v. 帮助，协助
4assist sb. in doing /with sth. 帮助某人做某事
e.g we’ll assist you in finding a place to live. 我们会帮你找住处。
e.g She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. 她雇了一位女士帮她做家务。
assistance n. 帮助，援助
technical/ military assistance 技术/军事援助
30. assume v. 假定，假设
It is assumed that … 普遍认为
e.g I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。
e.g He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。
assuming （that）… 假设，假如
31. astonish v. 使惊讶
astonished / astonishing 感到惊讶的/令人惊讶的
be/look astonished at 对……感到大吃一惊
an astonished look 惊讶的表情
32. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加
attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concert 参加会议/上学/做礼拜/听音乐会
attend to sth 处理，注意
I have a few other things to attend to. 我还有几件别的事要处理。
attend to sb 看护，照料
attend to a baby 照看婴儿
33. attention n. 注意，关心
pay (much/no/little) attention to （非常/不/很少）注意
draw one’s attention to 吸引某人注意
fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on 把注意力/心思/目光集中在……上
attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
34. attract v. 吸引，引起
Like attracts like 物以类聚
35. average adj. 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数
on (the) average 按平均
e.g I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。
36. awful adj. 让人讨厌的；糟糕的
B
37. back adv. 回（原处）；向后 adj. 后面的 n. 背后，后部；背
back and forth 来回，往返
back to back 背靠背
5behind one’s back 背后
look back 回顾
put back 放回去
turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬
38. baggage n. 行李
a piece of/an article of baggage 一件行李
39. balance
(1) n.
① 平衡 keep a balance (between A and B) （在 A 和 B 之间）保持平衡
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
disturb the balance of one’s mind 扰乱心境
② 余额 check your bank balance 核对你的银行余额
③ 欠款 The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days. 500 元欠款须在 90 天内付清。
短语
be/hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的，悬而未决的
catch/throw sb. off balance 使……失去平衡；使……不知所措
on balance 总的来说
(2) v.
① 保持平衡 ~（sth）on sth 把……放在……上保持平衡
balance on one leg 单脚站立保持平衡
He balanced the cup on her knee. 他把杯子放在她膝盖上保持平衡。
② 同等重视 balance A with/and B 平衡 A 与 B
balance home life with career 平衡家庭生活与事业
③ 比较权衡 balance A against B 权衡 A 与 B
balance the cost against its benefit 权衡成本与收益
balanced adj. 平衡的
be on a balanced diet 均衡饮食
40. bargain n.（经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货
e.g Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price. 那些鞋价格这么低，真便宜。
v. 讨价还价
bargain with sb about/over sth 与某人就某事讨价还价
41. bear (bore, born/borne) v.
(1) 承受（重量）The ice is too thin to bear your weight. 冰太薄，承受不住你的重量。
(2) 负担，承担 bear the cost/burden/responsibility 承担费用/负担/责任
(3) 忍受；容忍（常用于疑问句、否定句，与 can, could 连用）
bear to do/doing 忍受做某事
(4) bear …in mind 记住
42. beat v. (beat, beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击
6e.g My heart is beating faster than usual. 我的心跳比平时快。
Waves are beating the shore. 海浪拍打着海岸。
击败：He beat me in the game. 他在比赛中打败了我。
※ beat & hit & strike & knock 击打/撞击/敲打/敲（门）
43. beg 乞求，请求
beg—begged—begged—begging
beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事
e.g I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原谅；请再讲一遍
44. belief n.（不可数）
(1) 相信，信心 belief in 对……的信任/信心
e.g I admire his belief in what he is doing. 我佩服他对自己所做之事的信心。
(2) 看法，信念
e.g He acted in the belief that he was doing good. 他坚信自己在做善事。
e.g There is a general belief that things will soon get better. 大家普遍认为情况很快会好转。
(3) 信仰（可数 beliefs） religious/ political beliefs 宗教/政治信仰
短语 beyond belief 难以置信
to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知
45. beyond 超出、超过
beyond one’s imagination/description 难以想象/描述
beyond one’s power 超出能力范围
beyond my wildest dreams 做梦也没想到
46. birth n. 出生、诞生
at birth 出生时
give birth to 生下，孕育了
47. blank
(1) n. 空白处，空格 fill in the blanks 填空
（记忆中的）空白，遗忘 My mind was a blank and I couldn’t remember her name. 我脑子一
片空白，想不起她的名字。
(2) adj. 空白的，无装饰的，无图画的 a blank form/wall 空白表格/空白墙壁
不理解的，没表情的，空虚的 a blank expression 茫然的表情
Suddenly my mind went blank. 突然我脑子一片空白。
48. blow v. (blew, blown) 吹、刮
blow down 吹倒
blow up 爆炸、炸毁
n. 打击 give sb. a blow 给某人打击
49. book c/n. 书
v. 预定（车、船）票
7book a room/ticket 预订房间/票
50. break—broke –broken
break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发
break down （车、机器等）坏掉、出故障；分解；（身体）垮掉
break in 打断；闯入
break up 破碎；（关系）破裂
break away from 摆脱、脱离
51. bring
bring up 抚养；提出；呕吐
bring down 降低；打倒
bring about 引起，导致
bring in 引进；赚得；收入
52. burn—burned—burned/—burnt—burnt 燃烧；晒黑、烫伤
burn down 烧毁
burn …to the ground= completely destroyed 夷为平地
get burnt 被晒伤
a burning candle 燃烧的蜡烛
C
53. call v. 叫；喊；打电话
a girl called Mary 一个叫玛丽的女孩
a girl calling herself Mary 一个自称玛丽的女孩
call on 拜访（某人）；号召
call at sp. 拜访（某地）
call for 需要；要求；去接
call up 打电话；使想起；征召
call off 取消
call in 召集；请来
54. camp n. 营 v. 野营；宿营
summer camp 夏令营
go camping 去野营
55. carry v. 拿；搬；运；背
carry on 继续，进行
carry out 实施，执行
56. case n. 情况；案件；病例
in case +句子 / in case of +名词 万一
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话
8in no case 绝不
as is often the case 事实往往如此
e.g As is often the case, women live longer than men. 通常情况就是这样，女性比男性长寿。
e.g There are some cases where this method won’t work. 有些情况下这个方法不适用。
57. cautious adj. 谨慎的，小心的
be cautious of/about... 对……谨慎/小心
caution n. 谨慎，小心
with caution 小心地
vt. 警告……小心……
caution sb. to do 警告某人做某事
caution sb. against... 警告某人警惕……
e.g We were cautioned not to drive too fast. 我们被警告不要开太快。
58. central adj. 中心的，中央的
central bank/government 中央银行/中央政府
(1) 主要的，首要的
play a central role in … 在……中起着主导作用
centre n. 中心
in the centre of the room 在房间中央
v. centre on/upon/round/around… 把……当作中心，使……成为中心
59. certain adj. 确定的；无疑的
certainly adv. 当然；无疑
be certain of = be sure of 对……确信的
be certain to do = be sure to do 一定会，必然
make sure/certain of… 保证，弄清楚
* It is certain that … ……是肯定的
60. chief adj. 主要的；首要的
n. 首领；领导人 chiefs (复数)
61. combine 使联合，使结合
combine A with/and B 把 A 和 B 结合起来
62. company n.
u/n. 交往；陪伴
c/n. 公司
keep sb company 陪伴某人
63. compensate 补偿，赔偿，弥补
compensate for sth 弥补某事
compensate sb for sth 因某事赔偿某人
964. compromise n. 妥协；折中；互让；和解
agree on a compromise 就折中方案达成一致
make a compromise with 与……妥协
by compromise 通过妥协
reach/come to/arrive at/work out a compromise 达成妥协
65. compulsory adj. 强制的；义务的
It is compulsory for sb to do 某人必须做……
e.g It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets. 所有骑摩托车的人必须戴头盔。
compulsory education/schooling 义务教育
compulsory purchase 强制征收
66. conflict n./v. 冲突；矛盾
in conflict with 与……冲突/矛盾
67. confuse vt.
(1) 使糊涂，使迷惑
e.g They confused me with conflicting accounts of what happened. 他们对发生的事说法不一，
把我弄糊涂了。
(2) 混淆
confuse A with/and B 把 A 和 B 混淆
Be careful not to confuse quality with quantity. 注意别把质量和数量混淆。
68. confusion n.
(1) 困惑 confusion about/over sth 对……感到困惑
e.g There is a confusion about what the correct procedure should be. 大家对正确的程序是什么
感到困惑。
(2) 混淆 confusion between A and B A 与 B 之间的混淆
confusion between letters like “o” or “a” 像 o 和 a 这类字母的混淆
69. connect v. 连接；联系
(1) connect A to/with/and B 使连接，联结
e.g The towns are connected by trains and bus services. 这些城镇由火车和公交连接。
(2) connect sth (to sth) 接通，使……连接
e.g First connect the printer to the computer. 先把打印机连到电脑上。
(3) connect sb/sth (with sb/sth) 把……与……联系起来
be connected with 与……有联系/关联
e.g Theory is closely connected with practice. 理论与实践紧密相连。
(4) 为某人接通电话
e.g Hold on, please, I’m trying to connect you. 请稍等，我正在为你接通电话。
70. construction n. 建造，建设
be under construction 正在修建中
construct vt.
10(1) 建造，修建 construct a bridge 建桥
(2) 创建 construct a theory 创立理论
71. content
adj. 甘愿的，满意的
n. 内容
be content with 满足于
be content to do 甘愿做某事
the content of the article 文章内容
read the contents of the book 读目录
72. contrary adj. 相反的
e.g Contrary to popular belief, many cats dislike milk. 与普遍看法相反，许多猫不喜欢牛奶。
n. 相反，反而
on the contrary 相反，反之
73. convenience n. 便利
at one’s convenience 在某人方便时
for one’s convenience 为了某人方便
convenient adj. 方便的
It is convenient for sb to do sth 某人做某事很方便
It is convenient to sb 对某人来说方便
If (it is) convenient 如果方便的话
74. correct adj. 正确的，恰当的
vt. 纠正，批改
e.g I think you’ve made the correct decision. 我认为你做了正确的决定。
I spent all evening correcting essays. 我整晚都在批改文章。
correctly adv. 正确地
Have you spelled it correctly? 你拼写对了吗？
75. couple n. 两人，物；几个人，物；一对夫妻
a young/an elderly couple 一对年轻/老年夫妇
e.g I saw a couple of men get out. 我看见几个人出来了。
We went there a couple of years ago. 我们几年前去过那里。
76. credit n.
(1) on credit 赊购，赊欠
(2) three credits 三个学分
(3) credit card 信用卡
(4) to one’s credit 值得赞扬，使受尊重
(Much/Greatly) to his credit, Jack refused to accept the gift. 值得赞扬的是，杰克拒绝接受礼物。
77. crowd n. 人群；v. 挤满，使拥挤
11Police had to break up the crowd. 警察不得不驱散人群。
Crowds of people poured into the street. 成群的人涌上街头。
Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets. 成千上万的人挤满了狭窄的街道。
crowded adj. 拥挤的
In the spring the place is crowded with skiers. 春天这里挤满了滑雪者。
78. cruel adj. 残忍的；引起痛苦的
be cruel to … 对……残忍
e.g Her father’s death was a cruel blow. 她父亲的去世是个残酷的打击。
cruelly adv. 残忍地
cruelty n. 残忍；残酷行为
79. curious adj. 好奇的
be curious about … 对……好奇
be curious to do … 好奇地去做……
curiously adv. 好奇地
curiosity n. 好奇心
80. cut v. 切；割；剪；削减
have one’s hair cut 理发
e.g His salary has been cut by ten percent. 他的薪金减少了 10%。
cut through 抄近路穿过；走近路
cut down 砍倒；削减，缩小
We need to cut the article down to 1000 words. 我们需要把文章缩减到 1000 字。
cut in 插嘴；打断
She kept cutting in on our conversation. 她老是打断我们的谈话。
cut off 停止，中断；割掉，砍掉；切断……的去路，与外界隔绝
Our water supply has been cut off. 我们的供水被切断了。
He had his finger cut off in an accident at work. 他在工伤事故中被切断了手指。
The army was cut off from its base. 这支部队与基地失去联系。
cut up 切碎
He cut up the meat on his plate. 他把盘子里的肉切碎。
cut sth out of sth 裁剪
She cut the dress out of some old materials. 她用一些旧布料裁剪出了连衣裙。
D
81. damage v./n. 损害，损坏
The storm did/caused great damage to the country. 暴风雨给这个国家造成了巨大损失。
e.g Smoking seriously damages your health. 吸烟严重损害健康。
82. dare v. 敢，敢于
He didn’t dare (to) say what he thought. 他不敢说出他的想法。
How dare you 你竟敢
12How dare you talk to me like that? 你竟敢那样跟我说话？
I dare say 我想，很可能
I dare say you know about it already. 我想你可能已经知道这件事了。
83. dawn n. 黎明，拂晓
They start work at dawn. 他们黎明时开始工作。
e.g We arrived in Sydney as dawn broke. 我们在拂晓时分抵达悉尼。
He works from dawn till dusk. 他从早到晚工作。
84. debt n. 债务，欠款
pay off/clear/repay the debts 还清债务
be in debt 欠债
go/get/run/slip into debt 陷入债务之中
85. declare v. 公布，宣布；声明，断言
e.g The government has declared a state of emergency. 政府已宣布进入紧急状态。
e.g Germany declared war on France on 1 August 1914. 德国于 1914 年 8 月 1 日对法国宣战。
e.g He declared that he was in love with her. 他宣称他爱上了她。
declare for 声明支持
declare against 声明反对
86. decorate v. 装饰，修饰
decoration n. 装饰，装饰品，奖章
decorate A with B 用 B 装饰 A
decorate sb. for bravery 因勇敢授予某人奖章
87. defeat v./n. 击败；战胜；失败
a narrow defeat 惜败
a heavy defeat 惨败
admit defeat 认输
He defeated the champion. 他击败了冠军。
88. defend v. 防御；保卫；辩护
e.g We are trained to defend ourselves against knife attacks. 我们接受过自卫训练，能应对持刀
袭击。
e.g Troops have been sent to defend the borders. 已派遣部队守卫边境。
e.g He defended his wife against rumours and allegations. 他为妻子辟谣并辩护。
defence n. 防御；保卫；辩护
e.g Soldiers who died in defence of their country 为保卫祖国牺牲的战士
89. determine v. 确定；决定
determine to do 决定做某事
They determined to start early. 他们决定早点出发。
be determined to do 下定决心做某事
13I am determined to succeed. 我决心要成功。
determination n. 决心
He fought the illness with courage and determination. 他以勇气和决心与疾病抗争。
90. develop v. 发展，壮大；（疾病）侵袭；冲洗（胶卷）
She developed the company from nothing. 她白手起家创办了这家公司。
I had the film developed. 我把胶卷冲洗了。
Her son developed asthma when he was two. 她儿子两岁时得了哮喘。
develop a habit 养成习惯
developed adj. 发达的
developing adj. 发展中的
development n. 发展
with the development of science and technology 随着科技的发展
91. dig (dug, dug, digging) v. 挖；挖掘
dig a hole 挖个洞
dig sth up 掘地；挖掘出
92. disappoint v. 使……失望
The movie disappointed me. 这部电影让我失望。
disappointed adj. 感到失望的
disappointing adj. 令人失望的
be disappointed with/in/about/at 对……感到失望
be disappointed to see/hear/find 失望地看到/听到/发现
93. discourage v. 使气馁；阻止
discourage sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事；使某人不敢做某事
discouraged adj. 气馁的
discouraging adj. 令人气馁的
discouragement n. 泄气；挫折；劝阻
94. discuss v. 讨论
discuss sth with sb 与某人讨论某事
discussion n. 讨论
under discussion 在讨论中
have/hold a discussion 进行讨论
95. dislike v. 不喜欢，厌恶
(1) dislike doing 不喜欢做某事
(2) dislike it + 从句 不喜欢……
96. dismiss v.
(1) 拒绝考虑 dismiss sth as 认为……而不予考虑
He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic. 他只是笑笑，就以不切实际为由拒
14绝了我的建议。
(2) 解雇 dismiss sb for sth 因某事解雇某人
dismiss sb. from the post 解除某人的职务
(3) 打发走，解散
The teacher will dismiss the class early today because of the snow. 因为下雪，老师今天要提前
下课。
97. donate v. 捐赠，捐献
donate sth to sb/sth 把某物捐献给……
donation n. 捐赠；捐献物
organ donation 器官捐献
make a donation to 向……捐献
98. dozen n. 一打（12 个）
2 dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋
2 dozen of these eggs 这些鸡蛋中的两打
dozens of eggs 几十个鸡蛋
sell eggs by the dozen 按打卖鸡蛋
99. draw-drew-drawn v. 画；拉，拖；吸引
draw the curtains 拉上窗帘
draw sb’s attention to sth 吸引某人注意某事
draw a conclusion 得出结论
draw near 临近，接近
Christmas is drawing near. 圣诞节快到了。
100. drink-drank-drunk n. 饮料 v. 喝
drink to 为……干杯
Let’s drink to the friendship between us. 让我们为我们之间的友谊干杯。
drunk adj. 喝醉的
drunken adj. 醉酒的
101. drive v. 驾驶，开车；驱逐；迫使
drive a car/taxi 开汽车/出租车
drive sb mad 把某人逼疯
102. drop n. 滴 v. 落下；降低；倒下
The fruit dropped down from the tree. 果实从树上掉了下来。
The price of sugar will drop soon. 糖价很快会下降。
drop behind 落在后面
drop in on sb/at sp 顺便拜访某人/某地
drop off 下降，减退；睡着，打盹
drop out of sth 从……退出，不再参加……
He dropped out of politics. 他退出了政坛。
15E-F
103. eager adj. 渴望的
be eager for sth 渴望某事
be eager to do 渴望做某事
104. effort n. 努力
make an effort / make every effort / make efforts 做出努力
spare no effort(s) 不遗余力
105. embarrass v. 使尴尬
embarrassed 感到尴尬的 - embarrassing 令人尴尬的 – embarrassment 尴尬
embarrass sb. 使某人尴尬
feel embarrassed about 对……感到尴尬
106. encouragement 鼓励 - encourage 鼓励 - encouraged 受到鼓舞的 - encouraging 令人
鼓舞的
encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
107. enthusiastic a. 热情的，热心的
enthusiastically adv. 热情地
be enthusiastic about 对……热心
108. envy vt./n. 嫉妒/羡慕
envy sb sth 羡慕某人某物
the envy of sb 令某人羡慕的人/物
109. exact adj. 精确的
to be exact 确切地说
exactly adv. 精确地；正是
This is exactly what he needs. 这正是他所需要的。
110. exchange n./v. 交换，调换，交流
n.
(1) fair exchange 公平的交换
(2) in exchange 作为交换
He gave me a book and I gave him a pen in exchange. 他给我一本书，我给他一支笔作为交换。
(3) in exchange for sth 和……交换
I took his watch in exchange for my camera. 我拿他的手表换了我的相机。
v.
exchange A for B 用 A 换 B
exchange B with A 和 A 交换 B
exchange greetings 互致问候
16111. excite vt. 使兴奋/使激动
e.g If the loud noise excites the lion, he may attack you. 如果巨响激怒狮子，它可能会攻击你。
We are excited to hear the exciting news. 听到这个令人兴奋的消息我们很激动。
in an excited voice 用激动的声音
112. exist vi. 存在
There exists no life on the moon. 月球上没有生命。
existence n. 存在
come into existence 开始存在，成立
be in existence 存在
113. expect v. 预料；盼望；认为
You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months. 你不能指望几个月就学会一门外
语。
expect sth of/from sb. 期望某人某事
expect too much of sb 对某人期望过高
I expect so./ I don’t expect so. 我想是的/我想不是。
----Will you be late? ----I expect so. 你会迟到吗？——我想会的。
As expected, they finished the work ahead of time. 正如预料的那样，他们提前完成了工作。
n. expectation 预料，期望
beyond (all) expectation(s) 出乎意料
contrary to (all) expectations 和预料相反
come up to one’s expectations 达到期望水平
fall short of one’s expectations 没达到期望
in expectation of 预料会，准备有……
He closed the windows in expectation of rain. 他预料会下雨，把窗户关上了。
114. explain v. 解释
explain sth to sb 向某人解释某事
explanation n. 解释
115. fail v. 失败，不及格，衰退，未做到
fail to do sth 未能做某事
power failure 停电
fail (in) sth （在……方面）失败
words failed me. 我无法用言语表达。
fail in doing 没能做成某事
My eyesight failed. 我的视力衰退了。
If rain fails, the farmers will suffer. 如果不下雨，农民就要遭殃。
I fail to see why you won’t give it a try. 我不明白你为什么不试一试。
failure n. 失败
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
失败的人或事
17The man is a failure. 这个人是个失败者。
The party was a failure. 这次聚会很失败。
116. fair adj. 公平的，相当大的，白皙的，晴朗的，金黄的
n. 博览会
a fair price 合理的价格 / fair skin 白皙的皮肤 / a fair day 晴朗的一天 / fair hair 金发
fairly pretty 相当漂亮
117. fall (fell, fallen) v. 落下，跌倒；进入（某种状态）
n. 秋天；跌倒
fall ill/asleep/silent 生病/睡着/安静下来
fall behind 落后
fall over 摔倒
fall to the ground 掉到地上
fall down from…/fall off… 从……掉下
A sudden silence fell. 突然安静下来。
My birthday falls on a Monday this year. 我今年生日恰逢周一。
118. far adj./adv. 远的，远地
farther, further（further 表抽象：further study 深造）
far from: 离……远；远远不……
His work is far from satisfactory. 他的工作远不令人满意。
As/so far as I can see = In my opinion = Personally 依我看
119. fault n. 缺点，毛病；过错
Why should I say sorry when it’s not my fault? 又不是我的错，我为什么要道歉？
find fault with sb 挑剔，找茬
120. feast n. 盛会，宴会
v. feast your eyes 大饱眼福
n. a wedding feast 婚宴
The evening was a real feast for music lovers. 这个夜晚对音乐爱好者来说真是一场盛宴。
121. fit n. 合适的衣服
adj. 合适的，胜任的
v. 适合
a good fit 很合身
be fit for 适合
be fit to do 适合做
keep fit 保持健康
fit sb well 很合身
think (see) fit to do 认为合适做某事
122. fluent adj. 流利的
18He is fluent in English. 他英语流利。
He speaks fluent English. 他说一口流利的英语。
fluently adv. 流利地
fluency n. 流利，流畅
123. follow v. 跟随，效仿，跟得上
follow sb up the stairs 跟着某人上楼
follow one’s example 效仿某人
follow this road 沿着这条路走
in the following years 在接下来的几年里
Their requirements are as follows. 他们的要求如下。
Do you follow me? 你听懂了吗？
The teacher came in, followed by some students. 老师进来了，后面跟着一些学生。
following some students. 跟在一些学生后面。
124. forbid v. 禁止；不许
forbid sb from doing 禁止某人做
forbid sb. to do 禁止某人做
forbid doing 禁止做某事
the Forbidden City 紫禁城
125. force v. 强迫，迫使
n. 外力，力量
force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事
force sb into doing 迫使某人做某事
force one’s way 挤着前进
force a smile 强颜欢笑
126. fortune n. 财产；运气
seek one’s fortune 外出闯天下，寻找出路
make one’s fortune 发财
127. freeze vi./vt. 结冰
Water freezes at zero degrees centigrade. 水在零摄氏度结冰。
e.g I am freezing. 我快冻僵了。
Smiles froze on her face. 笑容在她脸上僵住了。
be frozen / freeze to death 冻僵/冻死
freezing cold 极冷的 / burning hot 酷热的
fresh adj. 新鲜的
fresh air/water/color/news 新鲜空气/水/鲜艳的颜色/最新消息
128. function n. 功能，作用，职责
the function of a chairman 主席的职责
official functions 正式聚会，官方活动
19v. 起作用，正常工作
The machine functions well. 这台机器运转正常。
G
129.generous adj. 慷慨大方的
It’s generous of you to lend me the car. 你把车借给我真是太慷慨了。
be generous to sb 对某人慷慨
a generous meal 丰盛的一餐
generosity n. 慷慨，大方
130.get v. 成为；得到；到达
Mother often gets me to wash the dishes. 妈妈经常让我洗碗。
The machine broke down. Can you get it working? 机器坏了，你能让它运转起来吗？
I am going to get my bike repaired. 我要去把自行车修一下。
You got it. 明白了；没问题。
Hard work can get you somewhere. 努力工作会让你有所成就。
get sth across to sb 使某人理解某事
get along with 与……相处
get down to doing 开始认真做
get rid of 摆脱；除去
get round 传播；说服
get away with 做坏事而不受惩罚
get away from 逃离；摆脱
get on 上车；进展
131.gift n. 礼物；天赋
a birthday gift 生日礼物
have a gift for 有……天赋
a man of many gifts 多才多艺的人
gifted=talented 有天赋的
a gifted student 有天赋的学生
132.glory n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美
It’s a great glory to die for our country. 为国捐躯是无上光荣。
glorious adj. 光荣的；辉煌的
133.go v. 去；走；变得 n. 尝试
All the money he got went in books. 他所有的钱都花在了书上。
The story goes that… 据说……
Where does the book go? 这本书放在哪里？
There is five minutes to go. 还剩 5 分钟。
There is a long way to go. 还有很长的路要走。
go hungry/thirsty/mad/bad/wrong 挨饿/口渴/发疯/变质/出错
have a go 试一试
20be on the go 忙碌
134.greedy adj. 贪婪的
It’s greedy of you to take so much money. 你拿这么多钱太贪心了。
be greedy for power 贪图权力
135.greet v. 招呼；迎接；（耳、目、鼻）感受到
greet sb with a nod 点头打招呼
greet the New Year 迎接新年
A sweet smell greets the nose. 香气扑鼻。
136.guidance n. 引导；指导；建议
under one’s guidance 在某人的指导下
with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
guide v./n. 引导；导游
137.guilty adj. 有罪的；内疚的
He was guilty of murder. 他犯有谋杀罪。
He was found guilty. 他被判定有罪。
I feel guilty about what I did. 我对自己的所作所为感到内疚。
H
138.habit n. 习惯
form/develop the(a) habit of 养成……习惯
be in the(a) habit of 有……习惯
fall/get into the(a) habit of 染上……习惯
139.hand v. 传递 n. 手；指针
have a hand in 参与；插手
give/lend sb a hand 帮助某人
hand in 上交
hand out 分发
hand down 传下来
from hand to hand 传递
on the one hand…on the other hand… 一方面……另一方面……
140.handy adj. 便利的；顺手的
It’s quite a handy little tool. 这是个很方便的小工具。
I always keep my gun handy just in case. 我总是把枪放在手边以防万一。
141.hang vt./vi. 绞死；悬挂
hang one’s head in shame 羞愧地低下头
hang curtains 挂窗帘
hang out 闲逛
21hang up 挂断电话；挂起
142.hate v. 讨厌；厌恶
hate to do/doing 讨厌做某事
I hate it when people cry. 我讨厌别人哭。
143.hesitate vt. 犹豫
hesitate to do sth 犹豫做某事
hesitation n. 犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
144.hold-held-held
1. catch/get/take hold of 抓住；握住
2. hold a meeting 开会
hold office/the position 任职
hold one’s head high 昂首挺胸；趾高气扬
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
hold sb. prisoner 监禁某人
hold together （使）团结一致
3. hold on 别挂断；稍等；坚持住
hold up 支撑；延误；抢劫；举出（榜样）
An accident is holding up traffic. 一场事故造成了交通堵塞。
She is always holding up her children as models of good behavior. 她总拿自己的孩子当好榜样。
hold on to 抓住不放；保住
hold back 阻拦；隐瞒；抑制
She managed to hold back her anger/tears. 她努力忍住怒火/泪水。
hold out 坚持；伸出
hold out my hands 伸出我的手
4. 容纳
The plane holds about 300 passengers. 这架飞机可容纳约 300 名乘客。
145.humor n. 幽默
humorous adj. 幽默的
I can’t stand people with no sense of humor. 我受不了没有幽默感的人。
They failed to see the humor of the situation. 他们没领会到这处境的滑稽。
v. 迁就；迎合
She thought it best to humor him rather than get into an argument. 她觉得最好迁就他，免得争
吵。
I-J-K
146.illegal adj. 非法的
legal adj. 合法的
It is illegal to drive through a red light. 闯红灯是违法的。
illegally adv. 非法地
22He entered the country illegally. 他非法入境。
147.imagine v. 想象
imagine sth./doing sth. 想象某事/做某事
I can’t imagine life without the children now. 我现在无法想象没有孩子们的生活。
I can’t imagine his becoming a teacher. 我无法想象他当了老师。
148.in prep.
1. in a word 总之
2. in all 总共
3. in modern times 在现代
4. be measured in tons 按吨计量
5. in that… 因为
She was lucky in that she had friends to help her. 她很幸运，因为有朋友帮她。
6. in the eighteenth century / in the 1990s 在 18 世纪/在 20 世纪 90 年代
7. in one’s twenties 在某人二十多岁时
8. in pencil/English/ink 用铅笔/英语/墨水
9. pay sth in cash 用现金支付
10. The wall is 3 meters in height/high. 墙高 3 米。
The rope is 3 meters in length/long. 绳子长 3 米。
149.increase v./n. 增加
(1) v. increase to/by 增加到/增加了
(2) n. Great demands lead to a large increase in supply. 巨大的需求导致供应大幅增长。
increasingly adv. 越来越；日益
increasingly difficult/important/popular 越来越难/重要/受欢迎
150.indicate v. 表明；暗示
A red sky at night often indicates fine weather the next day. 晚霞常常预示第二天天气好。
In his letter, he indicated to us that he was willing to cooperate. 他在信中表示愿意合作。
indication n. 迹象；暗示
indication of sth/doing sth
151.influence n./v. 影响
have a strong influence on/upon sb/sth 对某人/某事有很大影响
influence over sb/sth 对……的影响/支配力
His parents no longer have any influence over her. 父母对她不再有任何影响力。
under the influence of sb/sth 在某人/某物的影响下
v. 影响
His writings have influenced the lives of millions. 他的作品影响了数百万人的生活。
152.inform v. 告诉；通知
inform sb. of/that… 通知某人……
We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected. 我们遗憾地通知你，申请被拒
23绝。
keep sb. informed of… 使某人随时了解……
make informed decision 做出明智的决定
153.insert v. 插入；嵌入
insert sth in/into/between sth 把某物插入……
They inserted a tube in his mouth to help him breathe. 他们在他嘴里插了一根管子帮助他呼
吸。
insert a paragraph into his will 在遗嘱中加了一段话。
154.instead adv. 代替；反而
Lee was ill, so I went instead. 李病了，所以我代他去了。
He didn’t reply. Instead, he left. 他没回答，反而离开了。
instead of 代替；而不是
Now I can walk to work instead of going by car. 现在我可以步行上班，不用开车了。
155.instruct v. 指导；命令；通知
instruct sb to do 指示某人做某事
She arrived at 10 o’clock as instructed. 她按指示 10 点到达。
The letter instructed him to report to headquarters immediately. 信中命令他立即去总部报到。
instruction n. 指示；说明
follow one’s instructions 听从指示
carry out/ignore one’s instructions 执行/无视指示
156.insure vt. 给……保险
Have you insured the contents of your home? 你给家里的东西投保了吗？
157.intend v. 想要；打算
intend (sb.) to do 打算（让某人）做
I intend to spend the night there. 我打算在那里过夜。
intend that… 打算……
It is intended that these meetings will become a regular event. 这些会议计划成为常规活动。
be intended for sb./sth 为……准备/设计
The book, intended for children aged 5-7, sells well. 这本写给 5-7 岁孩子的书很畅销。
158.interest v./n. 兴趣；利益；名胜
(1) v. interest sb. 使某人感兴趣
I bought the book that interested me most. 我买了那本最让我感兴趣的书。
(2) n.
show/have/feel/express (an) interest in… 对……表现出/有兴趣
lose interest in… 失去兴趣
watch the game with interest 饶有兴趣地看比赛
protect customers’ interests 保护顾客利益
a place of interest / places of interest 名胜古迹
24159.interpreter n. 口译员
interpret v. 解释；口译；理解
interpret the poem 解读这首诗
interpret sth as… 把……理解为……
I didn’t know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal. 我不知道该把她的沉默
理解为接受还是拒绝。
interpret for sb 为某人口译
160.keep v. 保持；保留；饲养
1. keep (on) doing 一直做某事
Why do you keep laughing all the time? 你为什么一直笑？
2. keep a secret/one’s word/a record 保守秘密/遵守诺言/记录
3. keep sb/sth from doing 阻止某人/某物做某事
4. keep the door open/her waiting/sb. informed of… 让门开着/让她等着/让某人随时了解
5. keep calm/healthy/left 保持冷静/健康/靠左
6. keep sheep 养羊
7. keep up with 跟上
keep up （天气）持续
The rain kept up all afternoon. 雨下了整整一下午。
keep back 抑制；隐瞒
keep away from 远离
keep off 不接触；远离
Keep off the grass! 勿踏草坪！
161.the key to success 成功的关键
L
162.laugh v. 笑；嘲笑
1. laugh at 嘲笑；因……发笑
2. laugh your head off 大笑不止
3. burst out laughing / burst into laughter 突然大笑
163.least adj. 最少的；最小的
1. at (the) least 至少
2. not in the least 一点也不
She didn’t have the least idea what to do about it. 她对此完全不知道该怎么办。
164.less than 少于
1. no less than 多达；不少于
2. more or less 或多或少
3. even/much/still less 更不用说
No explanation was offered, still less an apology. 没有任何解释，更不用说道歉了。
25165.lie v./n. 躺；位于；说谎
v. 说谎 (lied-lied-lying)
lie to sb 对某人说谎
n. tell a lie / tell lies 说谎
v. 躺；位于 (lay-lain-lying)
lie on your back/side 仰卧/侧卧
lie in/on/to 位于（内部/接壤/隔海）
The book lay open on the desk. 书摊开在桌上。
There lies… 有……；存在……
lie in 在于
Success lies in hard work. 成功在于努力。
166.lift n./v. 举起；电梯；搭车
(1) n. take the lift 乘电梯
give sb a lift 让某人搭便车
Passing the exam gave him a real lift. 考试通过让他精神大振。
(2) vt. 举起；抬起
lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛
lift one’s spirits 使精神振奋
167.link n./v. 联系；连接
There may be a link between the 2 murders. 这两起谋杀案可能有关联。
establish trade links with Asia 与亚洲建立贸易联系
link A to/with B 把 A 和 B 连接起来
link up (with sb/sth) 联合；连接
168.live v. 居住；生活 adj./adv. 活的；现场直播
live/lead a … life 过……的生活
live on 以……为生
live by doing 靠做……为生
live life to the fullest 充实地生活
live up to 符合；不辜负
live with 忍受；与……同住
live through 经历（艰难）而活下来
a live fish 活鱼
a live football match 现场直播的足球比赛
broadcast live 现场直播
169.long adj./adv./v. 长的；长久；渴望
long before 很久以前
before long 不久以后
in the long run 从长远看
no longer / not any longer 不再
26as long as 只要
So long = Bye 再见
long for sb./sth 渴望某人/某物
long to do 渴望做某事
170.look v./n. 看；看起来；表情
have/take a close look at 仔细看
look like 看起来像
look as if 看起来好像
look yourself 气色好
look one’s age 看起来与年龄相符
look after 照顾
look around 环顾
look back on 回顾
look down upon/on 瞧不起
look forward to 期待
look into 调查
look on…as 把……看作
look out 小心
look through 浏览；仔细查看
look up 查阅；向上看
look up to 尊敬
171.loose adj. 松的；松散的；宽松的
loose soil 松土
break/tear/cut sb/sth loose from… 使……脱离……
M
172.mad adj. 发疯的；生气的
drive sb. mad/crazy 把某人逼疯
go mad/crazy 发疯
be mad at/with sb about… 因……生某人的气
173.make v. 制作；使得；成为
make sth. into… 把……制成……
be made into 被制成
make sth. (out) of… 用……制成（看得出原料）
make sth. from… 用……制成（看不出原料）
make coffee/tea 煮咖啡/沏茶
make the bed 铺床
make yourself heard/understood 让别人听到/理解你
make sb do 让某人做
be made to do 被迫做
make it 成功；准时到达；能够出席
27make the most of 充分利用
make out 辨认出；理解
make up 组成；编造；弥补；化妆；和好
174.manage v. 管理；设法完成
manage a factory 管理工厂
manage to do = succeed in doing 设法做成
175.manner n. 方式；态度；礼貌
in a friendly manner 友好地
table manners 餐桌礼仪
It’s good/bad manners to do sth 做某事有礼貌/没礼貌
176.matter v./n. 要紧；物质；事情
It is the ability to do the job that matters, not where you come from or what you are. 重要的是
工作能力，而不是出身和身份。
What’s the matter with…? ……怎么了？
to make matters worse 更糟糕的是
177.meanwhile adv./n. 同时
at the same time = meanwhile
in the meanwhile 在此期间
178.mention v. 提到；说起
Don’t mention it. 不客气。
not to mention 更不用说
179.mercy n. 怜悯；宽恕
show mercy to sb / have mercy on sb 怜悯某人
throw oneself on one’s mercy 恳求某人宽恕
at the mercy of 任由……摆布
180.merely=only adv. 仅仅；只不过
181.mess n. 混乱；脏乱
messy adj. 凌乱的
in a mess 一团糟
make a mess 弄得一团糟
182.miss v. 错过；想念；避开
miss the point 没理解要点
miss doing 避开（坏事）
be missing/gone/lost 失踪的；丢失的
28183.must n. 必不可少的事物
A knowledge of English is a must in international trade. 英语是国际贸易必备的。
N
184.name n./v. 名字；命名；任命
make one’s name 出名
enjoy a good name 享有盛名
by name 用名字；名叫
by the name of = named 名叫……
in the name of… 以……的名义；为了……
be named after 以……命名
name him (as) captain 任命他为队长
namely = that is 即；也就是
185.narrow adj./adv. 狭窄的；勉强的
a narrow victory 险胜
narrowly escape 险些……
in the narrow/broad sense 狭义/广义上
186.native adj./n. 本地的；本地人
my native language = mother tongue 母语
be native to 原产于
a native of London 伦敦本地人
187.normal adj./n. 正常的；常态
return to normal 恢复正常
common 常见的
ordinary 普通的
usual 通常的
as usual 和往常一样
188.notice v./n. 注意；通知
take notice of 注意
come to my notice 被我注意到
put up a notice 张贴通知
notice sb./sth. do/doing/done 注意到……做/正在做/被做
O
189.obtain vt./vi. 获得；得到
obtain advice/information/permission 获得建议/信息/许可
190.offer v./n. 主动提出；出价；提供
offer sb. sth./sth. to sb. 主动给某人某物
offer to do 主动提出做
29supply/provide 提供（固定搭配）
191.official adj./n. 官方的；官员
official language 官方语言
official affair 公务
192.operate v. 操作；动手术
operate a computer 操作电脑
operate on a patient 给病人动手术
operation n. 操作；手术
in operation 在运行中；生效
come into operation 生效；开始实施
193.organise/organize v. 组织
organisation n. 组织
a well-organised trip 安排有序的旅行
194.other/another/the other/others/the others
other than = except 除了
the other day 前几天
another day 改天
195.otherwise conj./adv. 否则；要不然；以另一种方式
or otherwise 或相反；或其他情况
196.out adv. 出去；在外
out of luck 不走运
out of sight 看不见
one out of four 四分之一
run out 用完
outdoor activities 户外活动
197.overcome v. 战胜；克服
overcome the enemy 战胜敌人
overcome financial problems 克服经济困难
be overcome with anger/sorrow 极其愤怒/悲伤
P
198.pack n./v. 包；打包
a pack of 一包；一群
pack sth away 收拾起来
pack sth up 打包
be packed with 挤满
30199.pain n. 疼痛；努力
in pain 疼痛
have a pain in… ……疼
pleasures and pains 苦与乐
No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。
200.pale adj. 苍白的
go pale 变得苍白
201.panic n./v. 恐慌
in a state of panic 处于恐慌中
get into a panic 陷入恐慌
202.participate v. 参加
participate in 参加
participant 参与者
203.pass v. 传递；经过；通过
pass away 去世
pass by 经过
204.patience n. 耐心
have (no) patience with sb 对某人（没）耐心
lose one’s patience 失去耐心
205.people n. 人们；民族；人民
people of all walks of life 各界人士
206.permission n. 允许；许可
ask for permission 请求许可
with/without one’s permission 经/未经某人允许
207.pity n. 怜悯；遗憾
have/take pity on 同情
What a pity! 真可惜！
out of pity 出于同情
208.poor adj. 贫穷的；差的
be poor/rich in 缺乏/富含
a poor memory 记性差
209.possible adj. 可能的
as…as possible 尽可能……
if (it is) possible 如果可能
31210.pray v. 祈祷；祈求
pray to God for… 向上帝祈求……
prayer n. 祈祷
211.predict v. 预言；预测
212.present adj./n./v. 出席的；礼物；呈现
be present at the meeting 出席会议
present the report 提交报告
213.preserve v. 保存；保护；保鲜
preserve the peace 维护和平
preserve one’s reputation 维护名誉
214.pretend v. 假装
pretend to do 假装做
215.process n./v. 过程；加工；处理
in the process of 在……过程中
processed food 加工食品
216.progress n./v. 进步；进展
make progress 取得进步
in progress 在进行中
217.prohibit vt. 禁止
prohibit sb from doing 禁止某人做
218.promote vt. 促进；提升；宣传
219.proud adj. 骄傲的；自豪的
be proud of 以……自豪
take pride in 为……骄傲
220.put vt. 放；放置
put away 收好
put aside 储存；搁置
put forward 提出
put off 推迟
put on 穿上；上演
put out 扑灭
put up 张贴；举起；搭建
put up with 忍受
32221.puzzle v./n. 使困惑；谜
puzzle over/about 苦苦思索
puzzling/puzzled 令人困惑的/感到困惑的
Q
222.quantity n. 数量
a large quantity of / large quantities of 大量的
R
223.rank n./v. 等级；排名
top-ranked 顶级的
rank second 排名第二
224.reach v./n. 到达；伸手够
beyond/out of reach 够不着
within one’s reach 够得着
reach a conclusion 得出结论
225.realise vt. 意识到；实现
realise one’s dream 实现梦想
226.receive vt. 收到；得到
receive a good education 接受良好教育
be well received 受到好评
227.refer v. 提及；参考；查阅
refer to 提及；参考；涉及
refer to a dictionary 查字典
228.reflect v. 反映；反射；思考
reflect on/upon 反思；认真思考
229.regardless adv. 不管；不顾
230.regular adj. 有规律的；定期的
regularly adv. 有规律地
231.reliable adj. 可靠的
a reliable friend 可靠的朋友
232.remove v. 移开；去除；开除
remove one’s doubt 消除疑虑
remove a student from school 开除学生
33233.rent v./n. 租；租金
The house rents at/for 5 dollars a week. 这房子每周租金 5 美元。
234.represent v. 代表；象征
235.reserve v. 预定；保留
reserve a table 预定餐桌
236.review v./n. 复习；评论
review one’s lessons 复习功课
book review 书评
237.reward n./v. 报酬；奖赏
reward sb for sth 因某事奖赏某人
238.rid v. 摆脱
rid…of… 使……摆脱
get rid of 摆脱；除去
239.ring v./n. 响；打电话；环
ring the bell 按铃
ring off 挂断电话
ring up 打电话
240.rise v./n. 上升；上涨；起床
The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
on the rise 在上升
241.rob v. 抢劫
rob sb/sth (of sth) 抢劫某人/某物
242.row n./v. 排；划船
a row of trees 一排树
in a row 连续；成一排
243.ruin v./n. 毁坏；废墟
in ruins 成为废墟
244.rule n./v. 规则；统治
follow/obey/break the rules 遵守/违反规则
245.rush v./n. 冲；匆忙
rush hour 高峰期
34S
246.sale n. 出售；销售
for sale 待售
on sale 出售；打折
247.satisfaction n. 满意
to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是
be satisfied with 对……满意
248.schedule n./v. 时间表；安排
ahead of schedule 提前
249.scold vt. 责骂
scold sb for (doing) sth 因……责骂某人
250.search v./n. 搜寻
search…for… 搜查……以寻找……
in search of 寻找
251.season n. 季节；旺季
in season 旺季
out of season 淡季
252.secure adj. 安全的；牢靠的
a secure job 稳定的工作
security n. 安全
a sense of security 安全感
253.seek v. 寻找；寻求
seek one’s fortune 外出闯荡
254.seize v. 抓住；夺取
seize a chance 抓住机会
255.separate v./adj. 分开；分离的
separate A from B 把 A 和 B 分开
256.serious adj. 严肃的；严重的
take sth seriously 认真对待某事
257.serve v. 服务；接待；服役
serve the country 为国效力
serve as 充当；担任
35258.service n. 服务
I am at your service. 随时为您效劳。
259.shade n. 阴凉处；阴影
in the shade of a tree 在树荫下
260.shake v. 摇动；发抖
shake hands with sb 与某人握手
261.shape n./v. 形状；塑造
in good shape 状态良好
out of shape 走样
262.share v./n. 分享；分担；份额
share joys and sorrows 同甘共苦
263.sharp adj. 锋利的；敏锐的
sharp eyes 敏锐的眼睛
264.shock v./n. 震惊；打击
be shocked by 对……感到震惊
265.short adj. 短的；缺少的
be short of 缺少
in short 简言之
266.sight n. 视力；景象
catch sight of 看见
at first sight 乍一看
at the sight of 一看见……就
out of sight 看不见
267.single adj. 单一的；单身的
a single ticket 单程票
single beds 单人床
268.sink v. 下沉；沉没
sink into a chair 一屁股坐下
269.slide v. 滑行；滑动
slide out 悄悄溜出去
270.smell v./n. 闻；气味
36smell good 闻起来很香
271.sort n./v. 种类；分类
all sorts of 各种各样的
sort of = kind of 有点
272.spare adj./v. 备用的；抽出；饶恕
spare time 空闲时间
spare no effort 不遗余力
273.spread v./n. 传播；展开；涂抹
spread the disease 传播疾病
274.spy n./v. 间谍；监视
spy on 暗中监视
275.stand v./n. 站立；忍受；立场
stand out 突出；显眼
stand by 支持；袖手旁观
stand for 代表；象征
276.starve v. 挨饿；饿死
starve to death 饿死
277.state n./v. 状态；州；陈述
in a good state 状态良好
278.status n. 身份；地位
social status 社会地位
279.stick v./n. 粘；卡住；棍子
stick to 坚持
get stuck in 陷入
280.store v./n. 储存；商店
in store (for sb) 即将发生；等待着
281.strict adj. 严格的
be strict with sb 对某人严格
be strict in sth 对某事严格
strictly speaking 严格来说
282.struggle v. 奋斗；挣扎
struggle for 为……奋斗
37struggle against 与……作斗争
283.submit v. 屈服；提交
submit an application 提交申请
submit to 屈服于
284.succeed v. 成功；继任
succeed in (doing) sth 成功做某事
285.suit v./adj. 适合；合适
suitable adj. 合适的
be suitable for 适合……
286.suppose v. 认为；假定
be supposed to 应该
Suppose/Supposing… 假如……
287.suspect v./n. 怀疑；嫌疑犯
suspect sb of doing 怀疑某人做某事
288.swear v. 发誓；咒骂
swear to do 发誓做
swear at sb 咒骂某人
T
289.talent n. 天赋；人才
have a talent for 有……天赋
290.taste n./v. 味道；品尝
to one’s taste 合某人的口味
291.thought n. 思想；想法
on second thought(s) 转念一想
deep in thought 沉思
292.throughout prep. 遍及；贯穿
throughout the night 整夜
293.thus adv. 因此；从而
294.tie n./v. 领带；系；捆绑
tie the horse to the tree 把马拴在树上
295.time n. 时间；次数；倍数
38all the time 一直
ahead of time 提前
at a time 一次
at one time 曾经
at times 有时
from time to time 不时
in no time 立刻
in time 及时
on time 准时
take one’s time 慢慢来
It is (high) time that… 该做某事了
296.tip n. 顶端；建议；小费
297.tire v. 使疲惫
tired 疲惫的
tiring 令人疲惫的
be tired of 厌倦
be tired with/from 因……疲惫
298.tolerate v. 容忍；忍受
300.total adj./n./v. 总的；总计
in total 总共
301.touch v./n. 触摸；触动
stay/keep in touch with 保持联系
lose touch with 失去联系
302.tough adj. 坚硬的；棘手的
be tough on/with sb 对某人严厉
303.trade n./v. 贸易；交换
international trade 国际贸易
trade A for B 用 A 换 B
304.translate v. 翻译
translation n. 翻译
305.trap n./v. 陷阱；使陷入困境
fall into a trap 落入陷阱
be trapped in 被困在
306.treat v./n. 对待；治疗；款待
39treat sb as 把某人当作
It’s my treat. 我请客。
307.trick n./v. 诡计；欺骗
play a trick on sb 捉弄某人
308.try v./n. 尝试；努力
try on 试穿
try out 试用
try one’s best 尽力
309.turn v./n. 转动；变成；轮流
in turn 轮流
take turns 轮流
turn against 背叛
turn down 调低；拒绝
turn up 开大；出现
turn in 上交
turn to 求助于；转向
turn off/on 关/开
turn over 翻转
turn…into… 把……变成
turn out 结果是；证明是
310.typical adj. 典型的
be typical of 是……的典型特征
U
311.undertake v. 承担；从事；承诺
undertake to do 承诺做
312.upset adj. 心烦的；苦恼的
be upset about/over 对……心烦
313.urge vt. 催促；力劝
urge sb to do 敦促某人做
314.useless adj. 无用的
It is useless doing sth 做某事没用
V
315.vacation n. 假期
on vacation 在度假
40316.violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的
317.volunteer n./v. 志愿者；志愿
W
318.wait v./n. 等待
wait for 等待
can’t wait to do 迫不及待做
319.wander vi. 徘徊；漫步
wander about/around 四处闲逛
320.waste v./n. 浪费
waste time (in) doing 浪费时间做
It is a waste of time doing 做某事是浪费时间
321.weekly adj./adv. 每周的；每周
322.wide adj./adv. 宽的；充分地
wide awake 完全清醒
widely 广泛地
323.will n. 意志；遗嘱
against one’s will 违背意愿
at will 随意；任意
324.work n./v. 工作；运转；起作用
out of work 失业
work out 算出；锻炼；结果是
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